Burgess, Melinda C.R., Burgess Stephen R., Stermer, Steven P. (2007) “Sex, Lies, and Video Games: The Portrayal of Male and Female Characters on Video Game Covers.”

This article “Sex, Lies, and Video Games: The Portrayal of Male and Female Characters on Video Game Covers.” discusses the ways genders are portrayed in video games. The authors of this article observed that male characters are portrayed four times as often as women characters, who are portrayed sexually when they do appear. They discuss the impacts of this statistic and how it can negatively impact some audiences. 

The authors source Dietz’s study of Nintendo games and the percentage of female representation within the game. Dietz found that “the most common portrayal of women within the games was actually a complete absence; 41% of the games contained no women, and fully 30% of the games did not have any female characters, human or otherwise. In the games that did contain women 21% of the time they were portrayed as needing aid from a male (Dietz 1998).” The authors concluded that even in these percentages, the women that did appear either were portrayed as provocative. 

The authors found many studies that all concluded that the overwhelming majority of games did not portray a female character and that when a female character was present, they are not as essential to the game as the male characters. 

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